内河船舶跟驰间距模型

Following distance model of inland ship

为研究内河船舶流特性,基于船舶制动机理,分析了船舶制动距离与船长、航速的相关性,给出了制动距离的经验公式,考虑驾驶员经验对实际制动距离的影响,建立了船舶跟驰间距模型。结合江苏地区机动单船、顶推船队、拖驳船队3类船型实例分析,通过与内河船舶领域长轴经验值、100t机动单船的分段线性模型结果的对比,确定了间距模型参数。研究结果表明:3类船型的制动距离分别与单船、船队、最大单驳长度相关,计算长度系数分别为5.98、2.73、17.41,前2类船型的制动距离与航速的平方成正比,拖驳船队与航速的0.85次方成正比;驾驶员的制动操作系数、操作指数应取0.78、2.5。

In order to study the characteristics of inland ship flow, the correlation among breaking distance, ship length and speed was analyzed, the empirical equation of breaking distance was given based on ship breaking mechanism. The impact of operator experience on actual breaking distance was considered, and the following distance model of inland ship was established. Combined with instance analysis including single motorship, pushing fleet and towing fleet in Jiangsu, the parameters of following distance model were determined by analyzing the empirical value of major axis for inland ship domain and the computing value of piecewise linear model of 100 t single motorship. Analysis result shows that the breaking distances of 3 ship categories are related to the lengths of single ship, fleet and the longest barge, and the calculated length coefficients are 5.98, 2.73 and 17.41 respectively. The breaking distances of single motorship and pushing fleet are in direct proportion to the square of ship speed, the breaking distance of towing fleet is in direct proportion to the 0.85th power of ship speed. The breaking operation coefficient and index of ship operator are determined as 0.78 and 2.5 respectively. 3 tabs, 9 figs, 17 refs.