水溶性石油烃组分对翡翠贻贝的毒性效应研究

Toxicological Effects of Water-soluble Fraction in Petroleum Hydrocarbons on Green Mussel(Perna viridis)

在室内半静水的实验条件下,将翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)分别暴露于0.005、0.010、0.050、0.100mg.L-1的0#柴油水溶液(WSF)中,在污染后1、3、7、15d取样,于15d后转入清洁海水中进行7d污染释放试验,在18、22d采样。测定内脏团和外套膜丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活性。结果表明,高剂量组(0.100、0.050mg.L-1)暴污的翡翠贻贝内脏团和外套膜SOD活性和MDA含量变化比低剂量组(0.005mg.L-1)显著(P<0.01),整个暴露过程中呈现先抑制后诱导再抑制的波动变化趋势,无明显的剂量-时间-效应关系。WSF暴露初期,内脏团组织中GSH含量和GST活性反应灵敏且受到抑制,此后受到明显诱导而升高,在暴露第7d达到最大值并显著高于空白组(P<0.01)。外套膜各剂量组GSH含量和GST活性存在此消彼长的趋势,剂量-时间效应明显。污染解除后,4种生理指标均缓慢恢复至空白对照组水平。

Under the condition of semihydrostatic simulation, green mussels（Perna viridis ） were exposed to 0.005, 0.010, 0.050, 0.100 mg. L^-1 No.0 diesel oil watersoluble fraction（WSF） for 1, 3, 7, 15 d. After 15 days, P. viridis in each concentration group were transferred into clean sea water＇for 7 days, and samples were collected in 18 d and 22 d after WSF were removed. The malondialdehyde（MDA） and glutathione （GSH） contents, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione Stransferase （GST） activities in the visceral mass and mantle of P. viridis were investigated as possible biomarkers of environmental petroleum hydrocarbons contamination in the coastal area. The results showed that, the SOD activity and MDA content in visceral mass and mantle were more significant affected by the high concentration（0.100, 0.050 mg＂ L^-1 ） of petroleum hydrocarbons than that in the low concentration group （0.005 rag＂ L^-1 ）（P〈0.01 ）. The SOD activity and MDA content followed a restrainedinducedrestrained trend in the period of exposure, and there was no significant relationship among the concentration. of petroleum hydrocarbons, exposure time and their effects. The GSH content and GST activity in visceral mass tissues were sensitive to changes in concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons and inhibited in the early exposure. Then the GSH content and GST activity in visceral mass w,~re induced a significant increase（P〈0.01 ） and reached the maximum after 7 d exposure. The GSH content and GST activity in themantle of P. viridis put up a trend of ebb and flow. There was a linear relationship between the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons and the exposure time. The content of MDA and GSH and the activities of SOD and GST in the visceral mass and mantle of P. viridis returned to the level of the control groups gradually after petroleum hydrocarbons were removed.