外商直接投资影响下中国城市化的资源环境问题研究

Research on the Resources and Environmental Problems in China's Urbanization Affected by FDI

城市化发展受到自然资源与生态环境等因素的约束,这已经是一个普遍共识。但在外商直接投资(FDI)影响下,究竟FDI是拓宽了城市化约束的边界,减少了自然资源与生态环境等对城市化的束缚,还是导致自然资源和生态环境状况的进一步恶化,致使城市化受阻,这是需要进一步探讨并用现实发展来证明的。采用层次分析法构建了资源与环境综合指数,并构造了面板数据模型进行了计量分析。结果显示,FDI影响下中国城市化与资源与环境综合指数之间呈倒U型关系;FDI的流入也加剧了资源与环境的恶化程度,但是作用效果较小;FDI与城市化之间的交互作用对被解释变量的作用为反方向的,因此削弱了城市化与FDI各自独立的对资源与环境综合指数的影响。

It has been an overall finding that the development of urbanization is restricted by the natural resources and ecological environment. However, under the influence of FDI, it is an important issue which need further discussion and be certified by the development in reality whether FDI widen the restrictive border of urbanization so as to break through the restriction of urbanization coming from the natural resources and ecological environment,, or cause the further deterioration of that. This paper uses the analytic hierarchy process to build composite index of natural resources and environment. Based on the result of panel-clata analysis, there exists a kind of over U-shape relationship between FDI and the composite＇ index of natural resources and environment. At the same time, the inflow of FDI has made resources and environment worse but has a small effect. The interaction between FDI and urbanization has the negative effects on the dependent variables so as to reduce the effects on the composite index of natural resources and environment coming from urbanization and FDI separately.