急诊重症哮喘患者家属焦虑相关因素及心理需求的调查分析

Relevant factors about anxiety and psychological needs of the family of patients with severe asthma in the emergency

目的探讨急诊重症哮喘患者家属焦虑的相关因素以及心理需求,并制定合理有效的护理对策。方法采用问卷调查的形式调查患者家属焦虑的相关因素以及患者治疗前、后的心理需求。结果患者家属的焦虑症状主要有易紧张、常感觉疲惫、多梦易醒;患者焦虑的相关因素主要集中在对重度哮喘的相关知识以及治疗方法不了解、医生治疗该病的经验、不知如何照顾患者方面;患者治疗前家属的心理需求主要集中在病情是否危及生命、严重程度、是否有后遗症方面方面;患者治疗后,家属的心理需求主要集中在希望医护人员及时巡视、治疗后的注意事项以及住院时间方面。结论护理人员应根据重症哮喘患者家属的焦虑情况和心理需求在患者治疗的不同时期对患者家属进行沟通、交流。

Objective To explore the relevant factors about anxiety and psychological needs of the family of patients with severe asthma in the emergency, as to develop reasonable and effective nursing strategy. Methods The questionnaires were employed to investigate the relevant factors about anxiety and psychological needs of the families of patients before and after treatment. Results The symptoms about anxiety of the families mainly are easy to tension, often feeling tired, always dreaming and easy to wake up. Anxietyrelated factors mainly focus on the knowledge and treatment of severe asthma, the experience of health care staff, and how to take care of the patients. Before treatment, the psychological needs of family members of patients focused on whether the disease threats the patientst lives, severity of the disease, and whether it would have aftereffects. However, after treatment, the psychological needs focus on the hope that timely inspections, related notes, and length of stay. Conclusion We should communicate with family members of patients with seven asthma according to their psychological needs and anxiety factors.