水培灌木柳在克氏原螯虾育苗中的作用

Effect of Salix saposhnikovii on Cultivation of Procambarus clarkii Juvenile

[目的]为利用灌木柳作为克氏原螯虾实验室培养以及环境友好型的清洁化水产养殖的育苗材料提供基础性研究参数。[方法]使用传统的曝气水培育克氏原螯虾"仔虾"以及较大规格的幼体,研究了灌木柳根系对螯虾存活率、体长增长量和体长变异系数的影响。研究了较大规格的螯虾幼虾在2种氨氮浓度的Ⅴ类污水中的存活情况,并分析了氨氮浓度的变化。[结果]曝气水中灌木柳组"仔虾"存活率和体长增长量均显著高于空白组,体长变异系数无显著差异。在2 mg/L氨氮污水中,灌木柳组幼虾存活率和氨氮净化率均极显著高于空白组。在10 mg/L氨氮污水中,灌木柳组幼虾存活率显著高于空白组,而2组氨氮净化率没有显著差异。[结论]灌木柳对提高螯虾幼虾存活率、生长速度具有显著效果,而灌木柳对水体氨氮净化范围为2～10 mg/L。

[ Objective ] To provide basic research parameters for laboratory culture of Procambarus clarkia using Salix saposhnikovii and for breeding materials used in environment-friendly clean aquaculture. [ Method] The post larvae and juvenile of Procambarus clarkia were cultured in the de-aerated water. The effects of the Salix saposhnikovii roots on survival, increase of body length and coefficient of variation of body length were investigated in Procambarus clarkia. The Procambarus clarkia juvenile were cultivated in V type waste water at two concentrations of ammo- niaeal nitrogen, and the effects of ammoniacal nitrogen on their survival were observed. [ Result ] The post larvae of Procambarus clarkia cultivated with Salix saposhnikovii in the de-aerated water had significantly higher survival rate and longer body than the control （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but no signifi- cant difference was found in the coefficient of variation of body length between the two treatments. The Procambarus clarkia juvenile that were cul- tivated with Salix saposhnikovii in waste water containing 2 mg/L ammoniacal nitrogen had higher survival rate and purification rate of ammonia- cal nitrogen than the control ones. When the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen was increased to 10 mg/L,the experimental Procambarus clar- kia juvenile still had higher survival rate than the control ones, but no significant difference was found in the purification rate of ammoniacal nitro- gen between the two treatments. [ Conclusion ] Salix saposhnikovii can significantly increase the survival rate and growth of Procambarus clarkia Juvenile. Additionally.these olants can ourifv the waste water containinz ammoniaeal nitrozen at a concentration of 2 - 10 me_./L.