中国农村地区教育与个人收入--基于三省六县入户调查数据的实证研究

Education and Individual Income in the Rural Areas in China

基于2009—2010年浙江、安徽和陕西三省六县的农村入户调查数据,就中国当前农村地区教育与个人收入之间的关系进行实证研究。研究结果显示,中国当前农村地区个人教育收益率已经达到一个较高水平。在运用工具变量法纠正内生性低估问题后,收益率估计结果达到13.1%。通过与以往估计结果的对比分析发现,教育收益率增长主要是由计量方法改善所致,由制度环境改善所引致的"自然增长"部分相对较少。此外,农村地区后义务教育收益率远高于义务教育收益率,而普通教育收益率显著低于职业教育与培训收益率。

Based on the rural household survey data in 2009-2010 in six counties of Zhejiang, Anhui and Shaanxi provinces to investigate empirically the relationship between education and individual income in the rural areas in China, it is found out that the present private rate of return （ROR） to education in rural areas in China has been a high level. With the instrumental method to avoid the underestimate caused by endogeneity, the estimate of ROR rises to 13.1%. Moreover, through comparative analysis with the former estimates, it is found out that the rise of ROR is mainly caused by the improvement of metric method, and the part of ＂natural growth＂ by improvement of institutional circumstance is relatively small. In addition, the study also shows that in rural areas in China, ROR to post-compulsory education is considerably higher than compulsory education, and ROR to general education is significantly lower than vocational education and training.