基于GIS的东北地区气象要素空间插值方法

Spatial Interpolation Method of the Meteorological Factor in Northeast China Based on GIS

[目的]研究东北地区气象要素的最佳空间插值方法。[方法]利用ArcInfo GIS软件的地统计分析工具,采用反距离加权插值、径向基函数法和克里格插值等多种空间插值方法,对东北地区年降雨量和月平均气温等气象要素进行空间插值研究,从而确定最适宜某个气象因子的插值方法。[结果]对于月平均气温,克里格方法的空间插值效果较好;对于年降水量,利用径向基函数法效果较好。[结论]东北地区月平均气温和年降水量存在明显地区差异,月平均气温南高北低,年降水量西北少、东南多。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to the best spatial interpolation method of the meteorological factor in Northeast China. [ Method ] Based on geo-statistical tools of ArcInfo GIS software, several spatial interpolation methods were used to estimate the meteorological factors （annual rainfall and monthly average temperature, etc. ） in Northeast China, such as inverse distance weighted （IDW）, radial basis function （RBF） and Kriging. Then, the best interpolation method of one meteorological factor was selected. [ Result] For monthly average tempera- ture, Kriging method was better than others. For annual rainfall, precision of the evaluated value with RBF method was higher than that of the IDW and Kriging methods. [ Conclusion] There was obvious regional difference of the meteorological factor in Northeast China. Monthly average temperature in south was hither than that in north, and annual rainfall in southeast was more than that in northwest in Northeast China.