硒与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病

Selenium and autoimmune thyroid diseases

硒是人体必需的一种微量元素，以硒蛋白的形式发挥其生物学功能。自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）患者中，血清硒及硒蛋白水平存在异常。研究表明，硒缺乏可能通过降低多种硒蛋白酶的抗氧化活性、影响辅助性T细胞（Th）1／Th2平衡、减弱巨噬细胞抗原识别和提呈作用等途径参与AITD的发生。补硒治疗对AITD患者病情缓解可能有一定的作用，但其安全性有待进一步的临床研究提供证据。

Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for life, and it plays biological effects in the form of selenoproteins. The levels of serum selenium and selenoproteins are abnormal in patients suffering from autoimmune thyroid diseases. Clinical studies have shown that selenium deficiency may participate in the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid diseases by reducing the antioxidant activity of multiple selenium proteina- ses,influencing the balance of the Thl/Th2 cytokines and weakening the antigen recognition and presentation of macrophage. Selenium treatment should be useful for patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. However, more evidences are needed for the safety of selenium supplement.