培智学校校本课程开发实践研究

On the Practice of Curriculum Development in Schools for Children with Intellectual Disabilities

近些年来,随着随班就读工作的深入开展,培智学校的教育对象从招收轻度智力障碍学生为主逐渐转变为招收中、重度智力障碍学生为主,且学校中同时伴有情绪行为障碍及自闭症的学生越来越多。良好的教育训练可以改善与提高中、重度智力障碍儿童的适应能力,其中,学校的课程设置与开发尤为重要。学校在个别化教育、生存教育与生活教育等理念的指导下,以智障学生生活适应能力培养为核心,进行了课程开发实践研究,取得了一定成效。

In recent years, as more and more children with disabilities choose to learn in regular classes, the children enrolled in schools for children with intellectual disabilities have changed from those with mild mental re- tardation to those with moderate or severe mental retardation, and a significantly increasing number of those with both mental retardation and emotional or behavioral disorders plus autism tend to learn in these schools. Good training can help children with moderate or severe mental retardation improve their ability to adapt to school, but curriculum development is particularly important. Under the guidance of such ideas as individualized education, survival education, and life education, the Haidian School for Children with InteUectual Disabilities in Beijing fo- cuses on the cultivation of mentally retarded students＇ ability to adapt to life, and achieves results in its research into the practice of curriculum development.