不同种类有机肥碳、氮矿化特性研究

Carbon and nitrogen mineralization characteristics of different types of organic manures

本文采用室内培养法研究了陕西关中地区日光温室栽培生产中9个不同有机肥的碳、氮矿化特性。结果表明:不同有机肥碳、氮的矿化量和矿化率(矿化量占总有机碳或氮的比例)的动态变化存在明显差异,其中碳矿化率在22.24%～87.16%之间,变异系数达90.30%;氮矿化率在29.07%～84.87%之间,变异系数达67.37%;不同类型有机肥相比,鸡粪平均的碳、氮矿化累积量及矿化率显著高于猪粪和牛粪;猪粪与牛粪平均的碳、氮矿化累积量及矿化率无显著差异。同一种类有机肥,培养期间其碳、氮矿化累积量及矿化率也存在明显差异。供试有机肥碳、氮的矿化量与有机肥全氮含量均呈线性关系,表明有机肥氮含量是影响矿化量的主导因子。

The incubation experiment was used to study carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） mineralization eharaeteristies of 9 organic manures sampled from the bases of sunlight greenhouses in Guanzhong district, Shaanxi Province. The results show that there are significant differences in the C and N mineralization and their mineralization rates （the ratio of C or N mineralization to total organic C or total organic N） among the different manures. The range of C mineralization rates of different manures is from 22.24% to 87. 16% , with CV （ coefficient of variation） of 90. 30%, and the range of N mineralization rates of different manures is from 29.07% to 84. 87%, with CV of 67.36%. The mean amounts of C and N mineralization, and mineralization rates of ehieken manure are significantly higher than those of pig and cattle manures, and there is no difference between pig and eattle manures. For a same type of organie manure, there are also significant differences in the C and N mineralization and mineralization rates among the manures collected from different plaees. The amounts of C and N mineralization of organic manure are linearly related with their total N contents, indieating that the N eontent of organic manure is the key factor affecting the mineralization of C and N from manures.