玉米种子萌发期抗旱性鉴定方法及不同杂交种抗旱性比较研究

Study on Methods for Drought Resistance Identification at Seed Germination Stage and Evaluation of Hybrid Seeds in Maize

用PEG-6000高渗溶液模拟土壤水分胁迫的方法,比较了培养介质、浸种时间对不同粒质量类型玉米种子发芽率的影响,并采用砂培不浸种方式,研究了黄淮海地区近几年审定的32个玉米杂交种萌发期的抗旱性。结果表明:不同类型的玉米品种,在纸培模式下20%PEG渗透胁迫处理的发芽率均低于或等于25%,远低于砂培模式。砂培模式下,不浸种处理的发芽率总体好于浸种24 h和48 h处理。砂培不浸种方式下,渗透胁迫处理不同程度地降低了32个玉米杂交种种子的发芽率;大多数品种初生根条数低于对照,胚芽长和胚根长均减小,胚芽长比胚根长减小的程度大,胚芽干质量显著降低。

Using the method of hypertonic solution PEG-6000 simulated soil moisture stress,the effects of seed germination bed types and soaking time on drought resistance identification were studied at seed germination stage in maize. And using sand culture method and non-seed soaking, the drought resistance of 32 maize hybrids whichwere authorized in recent years in the Huang-huaihai Plain Area was identified and evaluated. The results showed that：the germination rates under 20% PEG osmotic stress in paper germination bed were lower than（ or equal to） 25% ,well below sand germination bed method. The overall performance of non-seed soaking germination rate wasbetter than the other two seed soaking treatments under sand culture method. The germination rate of 32 maize hy- brids was reduced differently degree under osmotic stress of sand culture and non-seed soaking method;the number of primary root was reduced for most maize hybrids,the embryo bud length was shortened to a more degree than em-bryo root length,and the dry weight of embryo bud decreased significantly.