吉林莫莫格白鹤春季行为研究

Behavior of Siberian Crane During Spring in Momoge Nature Reserve,Jilin Province,China

白鹤属大型涉禽,仅分布于亚洲地区,其东亚种群数量为3 750只左右;由于环境变迁,种群数量越来越少,已被列为国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物。为阐明在沼泽湿地生态系统环境中白鹤春季的活动规律以及各种行为的时间分配,于2010年4月15日～5月13日,在吉林莫莫格国家级自然保护区对白鹤春季迁徙期行为进行了初步研究。白鹤的各种行为的时间分配依次为:觅食占64.34%、静栖占4.42%、警戒占13.92%、游走占4.57%、理羽占11.51%、其他(包括打斗、飞行、呜叫等情况)占2.56%。成体与亚成体白鹤、雄鹤与雌鹤在行为和时间分配上有明显差异,在觅食时间上雌鹤高出雄鹤10%左右,雄鹤的警戒时间高于雌鹤。

Siberian Crane （ Grus leucogeranus ） is a large wader whose East Asian population numbers around 3750 birds and is declining due to environment change5 habitat destruction, and human activities. Siberian Crane is listed in the First Category Protection Birds in China. We studied behaviors and time allocated to activities of Siberian Crane in a marsh wetland ecosystem during spring at Momoge Nature Reserve of Jilin Province from April 15 to May 13 in 2010. The percentage of time allocated to behaviors was： 64.34% for foraging, 4.42% for vigilance, 13.92% for guarding, 4.57% for wandering, 11.51% for preening,2. 56% for others （ including combat, fligh, and communication） . There were significant differences in time allocation between adults and sub - adults, and between males and females. Feeding duration for females was 10% longer than for males. Guarding time was shorter for females than for males.