沿海地区受台风影响的易损性指标体系与应急管理策略

Index System of Vulnerability by Typhoon in Coastal Areas and Emergency Management Stategies

台风灾害一直是威胁我国沿海地区经济社会发展的一个重大障碍。构建承灾体的社会经济易损性评价指标体系,运用统计学方法对沿海地区受台风影响的社会经济易损性进行实证分析后发现,我国沿海地区受台风影响的社会经济易损性空间分布不均匀。台风灾害频发的沿海地方政府应通过制定防台应急预案,构建全面的应急预警体系,建立统一的自然灾害信息系统和信息公开机制,引入政策性金融工具建立灾后恢复、补偿的财政保障机制,从而构建一个专门针对台风灾害的应急响应机制。

Typhoon disaster is one of the major obstacles which threaten the social and economic development of disaster-bearing areas.We construct index system evaluate social and economic vulnerability.After demonstrating the social and economic vulnerability of typhoon disaster in coastal areas by factor analysis and AHP methods,we find that spatial distributions is not uniform.Government in coastal areas which typhoon disaster is frequent,should make up emergency preplan,construct overall emergency warning system,set up uniform information system of natural disaster and opening information mechanism,bring in policy financial tool,establish recovery and compensation mechanism,and construct a special emergency response mechanism to typhoon disaster.