论中国古代文学中的变性人现象与文化

On the Transsexual Phenomena and the Relevant Culture in Ancient Chinese Literature

中国古代发生变性的原因主要有:遭遇突发事情而变性,大病后而变性和因孝亲行善的阴德果报而变性几种。对变性人的记载,魏晋和明清时期较多,而唐宋元时期相对较少;魏晋时期,人们对于变性人现象的记载显得较为简单,而明清时期记载的相对较为具体而详细;对变性人的态度,明清时期较魏晋时期的舆论更为开放,也更为人性化。相对于魏晋时把变性人现象和社会政治联系起来,明清时期更加关注人性本身。

The transsexual reasons in ancient China mainly include encountering sudden occurrences or attacks, serious diseases and doing good deeds out of filial piety. The transsexual records could be found more in Wei, Jin, Ming and Qing Dynasties, but less in Tang and Song Dynasties. During Wei and Jin periods, the transsexual records were made relatively simply, but those in Ming and Qing Dynasties were more specific and detailed. The people＇s attitudes toward transsexuals in Ming and Qing Dynasties were more open and humanistic than in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Compared with close link of transsexuals with politics, people in Ming and Qing Dynasties cared more about humanity.