述评《涉外民事关系法律适用法》——以有限理性和自由裁量权为视角

Comment on the Act of People's Republic of China on Application of Law in Civil Relations with Foreign Contacts —From the View of Limited Rationality and Discretionary Power

2010年10月28日,我国通过了《涉外民事关系法律适用法》,并于2011年4月1日起开始施行。这是新中国第一部关于冲突法的单行法规,在我国国际私法(冲突法)的立法史上具有里程碑的意义。从有限理性和自由裁量权来看,《法律适用法》在立法上具有重大的突破,采取了开放式的立法形式,确立了最密切联系原则的补充性质,强调了弱者权利的保护,赋予了法官一定的自由裁量权。但其也存在需要完善的地方,没有将最密切联系原则上升为基本原则的地位。

On 28 October,2010,China promulgated the Act of People＇s Republic of China on Application of Law in Civil Relations with Foreign Contacts,which came into force in China on 1 April,2011.As the first choice-of-law Act of China,the Applicable Law Act is a milestone in the legislation development of Chinese Private International Law.From the view of limited rationality and discretionary power,the Applicable Law Act has a significant breakthrough in the legislation.It takes the opening legislation form,establishes the supplement character of the doctrine of the most significant relationship,emphasizes the right protection of weak party and gives certain discretionary power to the judge.But there are still some contents to be perfected,for example,it did not make the doctrine of the most significant relationship as the fundamental principle.