黄土高原坡沟系统土壤侵蚀研究进展

Research progress on soil erosion of slope-gully systems in the Loess Plateau

坡沟系统是黄土高原重要的流域组成单元,是小流域侵蚀产沙的主要源地,又是控制水土流失、恢复与重建生态环境的基本治理单元,对其侵蚀现象与规律的探究,可为黄土高原地区土壤侵蚀治理措施的优化配置提供重要科学依据。对黄土高原坡沟系统的侵蚀方式、侵蚀形态的垂直分带性、坡沟系统侵蚀泥沙的来源、上方来水来沙对坡沟系统土壤侵蚀的影响、草被覆盖及其空间分布对坡沟系统侵蚀影响、淤地坝在坡沟系统土壤侵蚀研究中的应用等进行综述,指出在今后的研究中需要进一步开展侵蚀垂直分带结果和上方来水来沙对坡沟系统土壤侵蚀影响的定量分析,加强坡沟系统侵蚀泥沙来源、淤地坝对坡沟系统土壤侵蚀影响以及野外原状坡沟系统草被覆盖和空间分布对坡沟系统侵蚀影响的研究。

The slope-gully system is the important units of watershed.It is not only the main source of erosion sediment yield from small watersheds,but also the basic treating units of controlling soil and water lose and restoring and reconstructing entironment in the Loess Plateau.Research of the erosion phenomenon and law of the system could provide important scientific foundation for optimal allocation of government measures on soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau.This study reviews the research progress about the erosion pattems of slope-gully system,the vertical zonality of erosion forms,the sources of sediments from the system,the influences of flows and sediments upstream on soil erosion of the system,the impacts of herbage vegetation coverage and its space distribution on the soil erosion of system,and the application of check dam to the system＇s soil erosion analysis etc.It points out that the vertical distribution of soil erosion and the effects of flows and sediments upstream on soil erosion of the system need further quantization.The sources of erosion sediment of the system,the impacts of check dam on soil erosion of system,and the herbage vegetation coverage of field slope-gully system and its influences of spatial distribution on soil erosion of the system also need to be strengthened.