广东省西樵山不同林分类型枯落物持水特性的研究

A Study on Hydrological Effect of Litter Layer in Different Forest Vegetation Types in Xiqiaoshan,Guangdong

对广东省西樵山4种不同林分类型枯落物进行的研究表明:1)4种林分类型枯落物总储量大小顺序为:生态林﹥景观林﹥珍贵阔叶林﹥常绿阔叶林;2)4种林分类型枯落物持水量、持水速率与浸水时间的动态变化规律基本相似。持水量随浸水时间增加呈上升趋势,但当浸泡8 h之后,趋势变缓;不同林分类型持水速率在0～2 h最快,在4～6 h后逐渐减缓,6 h后明显减缓;3)不同树种林下枯落物有效拦蓄率范围为160.05%～182.57%,有效拦蓄量大小顺序为:生态林﹥景观林﹥珍贵阔叶林﹥常绿阔叶林,枯落物的拦蓄量与枯落物总储量和枯落物的持水特性相关。

Hydrological effect for different forest vegetation types were researched in Xiqiaoshan, Guangdong. Results indicate that ： 1 ） The total litter storages is different, the order is ecological forest 〉 landscape forest 〉 precious broadleaf forest 〉 evergreen broadleaf forest. 2） The dynamic course of water holding capacity and water absorption rate are similar in different forest vegetation types. With the immersion time extending, the water holding capacity is increasing. When the litter is immerged in the water for 8 hours, the water holding capacity will reach the greater value. From then on, with the time extending, the increasing range shows small. The water ab- sorption rate of litter layer changes fast in the early 2 hours, after then it rapidly decreased in 4 - 6 h ; 6 h later, the rate slowed down significantly. 3）The rate of effective storing ranged from 160.05% to 182.57% among different forest litters. The amount of effective storing of litter layer is different, the order is ecological forest 〉 landscape forest 〉 precious broadleaf forest 〉 evergreen broadleaf forest. The amount of effective storage of litter layer is related to the total storages and water holding capacity of the litter layer.