禽流感防制进展

Progress on Avian Influenza Prevention

禽流感(Avian influenza,AI)是由A型流感病毒所引起的禽类的一种传染病。能引起禽类呼吸系统到严重全身败血症等多种症状的烈性传染病。禽类感染后病死率很高,但对野生禽类多为不显性感染。自从1997年香港发生禽流感病毒H5N1亚型首次突破种属屏障感染人类并引起死亡以来,世界各国纷纷报道各种人禽流感病例的发生,人禽流感的关注程度也达到了前所未有的高度。近几年全球共有三大洲的19个国家和地区发生禽流感疫情。一些地区的疫情呈现蔓延的趋势,并且出现了人感染禽流感病毒的病例。禽流感不仅对养殖业造成重大损失,更对人类健康造成严重威胁。本文全面地介绍了禽流感的病原、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断和防制。

Avian influenza（AI） is one of zoonoses caused by type A influenza viruse,which is also called Fowl Plague.Serious systemic symptoms of the respiratory system and other deadly infectious diseases can be caused.mortality of Infected poultry is very high,however,wild birds are not mostly dominant infected.Since 1997 Hong Kong avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 happened first breakthrough the species barrier to infect human beings and caused death,various human avian influenza cases were reported worldwide,degree of concern about human avian influenza has also reached an unprecedented level.In recent years,the global total of 19 countries on three continents and regions occurred avian influenza.The epidemic is spreading in some parts of the regions,and the emergence of human cases of avian influenza virus.Avian influenza not only causes significant damage to livestock breed industry,but also pose a serious threat to human health.Pathogens,epidemiology,clinical symptoms,pathological changes,diagnosis,prevention and treatment of Aenvian influza are discussed completely and briefly in this article.