广藿香辐射诱变筛选抗病突变体的研究

Selection of Bacterial-wilt-resistance Mutants of Pogostemon cablin(Blanco) Benth.by Radiation Mutation

【目的】将辐射诱变与离体选择相结合,筛选广藿香抗青枯病突变体,为广藿香抗病育种奠定基础。【方法】观察60Coγ射线辐射对广藿香离体再生的影响;以辐射诱变的广藿香为材料,以青枯菌粗毒素为选择压力,筛选抗青枯病植株。【结果】在进行抗性芽及抗性植株筛选中,分别以1.34×108cfu(菌落形成单位)/mL及2.48×108cfu/mL青枯菌制备的粗毒素作为选择压力,可能筛选到抗性的材料。60Coγ射线辐射对广藿香离体再生有明显的影响,随着辐射剂量的增加,外植体存活率及再生芽的能力显著下降。最终选取剂量为40 Gy和60 Gy进行辐射诱变,结合离体培养筛选抗病突变体,获得了24株抗性植株。【结论】建立了筛选广藿香抗病突变体的方法,为广藿香抗病育种提供了有价值的种质材料。

Objective To select the bacterialwiltresistance mutants of Pogostemon cablin （Blanco） Benth. by 60Co y/ray radiation mutation, so as to lay a foundation for disease-resistance breeding. Methods The effects of 60Co ~/ray radiation on plant regeneration from the explants of Pogostemon cablin were studied. The explants from regenerated plants after radiation mutation were cultured in the media supplemented with crude toxin extracted from Ralstonia solanacearum, and then the mutants resistant to bacterial wilt in Pogostemon cablin were selected. Results The crude toxins extracted from 1.34 x 10s cfu/mL and 2.48 x 10s cfu/mL R. solanacearum were suitable for screening resistant shoots and resistant plant respectively. Survival rate and regenerated ability of the explants irradiated by 60Co yray were decreased with the increase of radiation dose. The radiation dose of 40 Gy and 60 Gy was suitable for mutation breeding. After 60 Co y ray radiation mutation combined with in vitro selection, 24 resistant plants were obtained. Conclusion A proper method for selection of the bacterialwiltresistance mutants of Pogostemon cablin has been established, which will supply valuable germplasm for diseaseresistance breeding of Pogostemon cablin.