黄河三角洲退化湿地植被与土壤的恢复研究

Restoration of vegetation and soil in degradated wetland of the Yellow River delta

以黄河三角洲退化湿地人工引水恢复区为研究对象,采用野外植被调查、土壤采样结合室内实验方法,对植被的种类、密度、盖度、频度和重要值以及土壤含水量、pH值、有机质、全氮以及全磷等指标进行分析,旨在探讨人工引水恢复工程对黄河三角洲退化湿地所产生的生态效应。结果表明:随着水分条件的改善,恢复区植被呈现出正向演替;恢复区土壤含水量明显高于未恢复区,pH值则明显降低,土壤有机质含量高于未恢复区,土壤全氮、全磷含量变化不大。可见,引水恢复工程已经使退化湿地的生态环境得到了一定程度的改善,淡水资源仍是制约退化湿地恢复的关键因素。

In order to explore the ecological effects of the water diversion project to restore the degradated wetland in the Yellow River delta,the species composition,density,coverage,frequency and important values were investigated and the soil properties such as soil water contents,pH,organic matter,the total nitrogen and the total phosphor etc.were measured with experimental methods in restored areas and the unrestored areas respectively.The results show that the vegetation community has developed towards the positive succession with the improvement of the water condition.The soil water contents and the soil organic matter contents are higher in the restored areas than in the unrestored areas,while the soil pH is reduced.The soil total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content are not changed significantly.The ecological environment of the degradated wetland is improved to some extent through the diversion project,and the fresh water resource is still the dominant factor to restore the degradated wetland.