土地产权制度与土地持续利用

LAND PROPERTY RIGHTS AND LAND SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION

产权是现代经济学的重要概念 ,产权制度对经济效率至关重要的影响决定其与可持续发展战略有着密切的关系 ,本文在分析产权制度与可持续发展关系基础上阐述了我国土地产权制度与土地可持续利用的差距 ,并在此基础上指出了以可持续土地利用为目标的土地产权制度改革措施。

Property right is very important in economics.Property rights institution exerts great effects on sustainable development.There are two important theories of property rights institution,one is the Marxist property rights theory and the other,Modern West property rights theory.The Marxist property rights stresses on macro aspect which cares about equity whereas the Modern West property rights theory on the micro aspect which cares about efficiency.Based on the above analyses,the land sustainable utilization theory and present China's land property rights,this paper examines the gaps between land property rights institution and land sustainable utilization.In countryside,as farmland is not exclusive and can not be transferred,the countrymen who have higher technology do not have more farmland than they need,and cultivation is for a short time.In urban area,as land for construction purpose is monopolized by government,land for construction purpose is often given more than needed and land speculation is serious.For sustainable land utilization,the following countermeasures are identified as 1) to make up multilayer land property rights institution; 2) to set up land transaction market for construction and lawn; and 3) to find a way to prolong land use right.