大白菜新型细胞质雄性不育系6w-9605A的育性鉴定和花药败育的细胞学观察

Fertility and Cytomorphology of Anthers in New Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Lines of Chinese Cabbage(Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis)

采用石蜡切片技术,研究了大白菜(Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis)细胞质雄性不育系6w-9605A及其保持系6w-9605B的花药发育过程的细胞形态学特征,确定不育系花药败育时期及方式,并对不育系6w-9605A进行花器官观察和育性鉴定。结果表明:保持系6w-9605B花药发育正常;不育系6w-9605A花药发育受阻于孢原分化时期,占总败育花药的66.7%,不形成花粉囊和花粉粒,属于无花粉囊型败育;另外33.3%的败育花药可形成花粉囊,小孢子均受阻于单核靠边期或者二胞期,败育特点为绒毡层细胞异常肥大,挤压小孢子,导致小孢子和绒毡层解体;6w-9605A的不育性稳定、彻底,不育株率和不育度均为100%。

In order to determine the stage and pattern of anther abortion,anatomical observations of anthers in cytoplasmic male sterile line 6w-9605A and its maintainer line 6w-9605B in Chinese cabbage（Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis） were made using paraffin sections.Simultaneously,the floral organ and fertility of 6w-9605A were observed.The results showed that the anthers of maintainer line 6w-9605B were normal and the abortion of male sterile line occurred mainly at the differentiation stage of archesporial cells,which accounted for 66.7% of anther abortion and resulted in no pollen sac differentiation.In the remaining 33.3% of abortion anthers,pollen sacs were produced but the development of microspores stopped at the late uninucleate or dinucleate stages,and the hypertrophic tapetal cells compressed the microspores and caused the sterility of pollen grains.The sterility of 6w-9605A was stable and complete（100%）.