中国上空民航飞机NO_x排放量及其分布初探

A preliminary investigation on the inventory of NO_x emitted from CAAC flights over China

在中国范围内民航运输飞机及所配装的发动机的型号和有关设计工作参数等的基础上,借鉴目前国际上通行的方法,对飞机与发动机的运行过程进行简化和建模,并根据国际民航组织(ICAO)和美国航空航天管理局(NASA)等公布的航空发动机在海平面静态的排放数据,采用国际通用的油流量算法,对1997年中国上空民航飞机的氮氧化物(NOx)排放量进行了估算,并结合国内外有关数据进行了分析和比较.结果表明,中国各城市上空的大气污染程度有很大不同,大部分城市上空的大气目前已处于轻度污染,个别城市上空的大气污染程度已相当于欧美等发达国家1992年初的排放水平,其严重性亟待引起政府部门和有关专家的注意.

On the basis of CAAC timetable and route setting,and according to individual aeroplanes and aeroengines,the operation of each flight was simplified and modeled.Moreover,using the popular fuel flow method and by means of the emission databanks published by ICAO and NASA,the inventory of NO\- x emitted from CAAC flights in 1997 was assessed roughly.Finally,by comparing with other investigators,it is found that the atmosphere pollution levels are quite uneven over Chinese cities,and some are even comparable with that over cities in developed countries such as in Europe and North America for the year of 1992.