注意缺陷多动障碍儿童父母养育方式调查

Investigation on parental rearing attitudes and behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的分析注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的行为特征及父母养育态度和行为特征,探讨其临床干预方式。方法采用Conners父母问卷(PSQ)和父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU),对146例6～15岁ADHD儿童及父母进行问卷调查分析。结果与常模对比,ADHD儿童在品行问题、学习问题、心身障碍、冲动-多动、焦虑和多动指数6个因子差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);ADHD家庭父亲在养育过程中的情感温暖、理解,惩罚、严厉,偏爱被试,拒绝、否认,过度保护5个因子差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);母亲在养育过程中情感温暖、理解,拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和偏爱被试4个因子差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 ADHD儿童的父母存在不恰当的养育态度和行为,提示对ADHD儿童应根据个体情况给予药物治疗、心理干预和父母不良教养方式纠正等临床综合治疗。

Objective To investigate the behavioral characteristics of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）and their parental rearing attitudes and behavior,and to explore the clinical intervention.Methods By using Conners＇Parent Questionnaire（PSQ）and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran（EMBU）,one hundred and forty-six 6-15 aged ADHD children and their parents were surveyed.Results Compared with normal kids,ADHD children displayed abnormalities in behavior,learning,psychosomatics,impulse-hyperactivity,anxiety,andhyperactivity index（P 0.01）.ADHD fathers displayed significant difference on the aspects of warmth/understan-ding,punishment/severe,excessive coddling,rejection/denial,and over-protection during the upbringing of children（P 0.01）.Their mothers displayed significant difference on the aspects of warmth/understanding,excessive coddling,over-protection,rejection/denial and punishment/severity（P 0.01）.Conclusions ADHD children appears abnormal behavioral characteristics and their parents show improper rearing attitudes and behavior,which suggests that comprehensive intervention should be considered for ADHD children and their parents.