摘要
采用铜填充金属对Ti-15-3钛合金与304不锈钢进行电子束焊接,对Ti/Fe和Ti/Cu/Fe接头在焊接过程中的温度场和应力场进行数值模拟和试验测量。结果表明,高斯旋转体热源适用于电子束焊接过程的模拟。温度场对于焊缝中心呈非对称分布,钛侧的温度高于不锈钢侧的。热应力同样呈非对称分布,残余拉应力主要存在于不锈钢侧。铜填充金属的加入,降低了焊接过程中的峰值温度、温度梯度以及残余应力,纵向和横向残余拉应力分别降低了66MPa和31MPa。从温度场和应力场的角度可以看出,铜合金是一种较好的Ti-15-3钛合金与304不锈钢电子束焊接的填充金属材料。
Electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 alloy to 304 stainless steel （STS） using a copper filler metal was carried out. The temperature fields and stress distributions in the Ti/Fe and Ti/Cu/Fe joint during the welding process were numerically simulated and experimentally measured. The results show that the rotated parabola body heat source is fit for the simulation of the electron beam welding. The temperature distribution is asymmetric along the weld center and the temperature in the titanium alloy plate is higher than that in the 304 STS plate. The thermal stress also appears to be in asymmetric distribution. The residual tensile stress mainly exists in the weld at the 304 STS side. The copper filler metal decreases the peak temperature and temperature grade in the joint as well as the residual stress. The longitudinal and lateral residual tensile strengths reduce by 66 MPa and 31 MPa, respectively. From the temperature and residual stress, it is concluded that copper is a good filler metal candidate for the electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel.
基金
Foundation item:Project (2010CB731704) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
Project (51075189) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
