青年期直肠癌的诊治特点

Characteristics of Diagnosis and Treatment for Rectal Cancer in The Young Patients

目的总结青年期直肠癌的诊治特点。方法就目前国内、外对青年期直肠癌的研究进展的文献进行综述,并对青年期直肠癌患者及其他年龄段直肠癌患者的临床资料进行对比,总结青年期直肠癌的诊治特点。结果青年期直肠癌患者(≤40岁)的发病与饮食、生活习惯和遗传因素都有一定的关系;相对于中老年患者来讲其分期更晚,低分化比例较高,淋巴结转移较早;青年期直肠癌常易误诊,预后差,目前公认以手术治疗为佳,并辅以新辅助治疗。结论青年期直肠癌在流行病学、病理学、治疗、预后等方面有其特殊性,但其手术治疗方面还需要进一步进行研究。

Objective To explore the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment for the rectal cancer in the young patients（≤40 years）.Methods The domestic and abroad literatures about the research on the progress of rectal cancer in the young patients were reviewed,the clinical data of patients with rectal cancer were compared between the young patients and the other age patients,the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment for the rectal cancer in the young patients were summarized.ResultsThe onsets of the young patients with rectal cancer were related to the diet,lifestyle,and genetic factors.Compared with the older patients,more later stage,higher percentage of poor differentiation,earlier lymph node metastasis were found in the young patients with rectal cancer.Rectal cancer of the young patients was often misdiagnosed and with a poor prognosis.Currently,surgery assisted with neoadjuvant therapy was generally acknowledged as a better method.ConclusionsIt has specificity in epidemiology,pathology,treatment,prognosis,and so on for rectal cancer in the young patients,but surgery needs further research.