在呼吸医师临床培训中通过模拟系统进行纤维支气管镜教学

Teaching Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy via Simulation System during Clinical Education for Respiratory Specialists

支气管镜在呼吸系统疾病的诊治中有着非常广泛的应用,也是作为呼吸专科医师所必须掌握的一项临床技能。但是在对该项技术熟练之前,不能允许在病人身体直接操作,这样对呼吸专科医师的临床培训造成了较大困难。近年来,我院采用了美国模拟电子内镜教学系统进行培训,取得了满意的效果。通过该系统的训练,培训学员能对支气管镜的操作流程、操作技巧和手法,镜下气管,各叶、段支气管走行和解剖形态,病变的定位和镜下形态,以及如何对病变进行活检、支气管灌洗和出现并发症时怎样处理等,均有较为深刻的体会,并可获得多次反复练习的机会,培训所需时间也明显缩短。

Bronchoscopy has wide applications in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases,and it is also a basic clini-cal skill for respiratory specialists.However,before a physician is skilled in operating the bronchoscope,they are not allowed to perform bronchoscopy for patients.This causes great difficulties for clinical education of respiratory specialists.In recent years,our hospital has been using an electronic endoscopy simulator（made in the US） for clinical education,and the teaching results are satisfactory.This sys-tem includes a bronchoscopy simulation operation system,an electronic display,and many types of revisable cases,simulated patient monitoring system,possible clinical conditions during operation,etc.Through the training with this system,the students can deeply un-derstand the bronchoscopic operation procedure,operative skills and techniques,the directions and anatomic forms of trachea as well as all bronchial lobes and segments under a bronchoscope,and lesion positioning and the morphology under a bronchoscope;meanwhile,they can understood how to perform lesion biopsy and bronchial lavage,and how to treat when cough,bronchial spasm,hemorrhage and other clinical conditions occur.In addition,the students can obtain an opportunity for repeated practice,and the required training time also shortens significantly.