气囊尿管对大便失禁危重患者肛周皮肤损伤的预防效果

Effect of aerocyst-urethral catheter on preventing perianal skin lesions in critical ill patients with fecal incontinence

目的观察气囊尿管对大便失禁危重患者肛周皮肤损伤的预防及护理效果。方法随机将60例大便失禁的危重患者分为3组，实验1组采用留置肛门气囊导尿管，实验2组取脱脂棉卷成条索状置于肛门口夹住，对照组大便后予湿巾纸擦拭再予清水清洗擦干。比较3组肛周皮肤护理效果。结果肛周皮肤损伤发生率比较，实验1组为10．0％，实验1组为30．0％，对照组为80．0％，对照组与实验1组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=45．15，P〈0．01）；对照组与实验2组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=29．53，P〈0．01）；实验1组与实验2组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=23．33，P〈0．05）。结论大便失禁的危重患者应用一次性导尿管引流能有效控制皮肤湿疹及压疮的发生，是一种理想的护理大便失禁的新方法，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To study the effects of aerocyst-urethral catheter on preventing perianal skin lesions in critical ill patients with fecal incontinence. Methods Totals of 60 patients were randomly divided into three groups, first experimental group indwelled aerocyst-urethral catheter and second experimental group used skim cotton laps to clamped,while control group received cleaning after they defecated. Results The incidence of perianal skin injury in first experimental group was 10. 0%, second experimental group was 30.0% and control group was 80.0, difference between three groups was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 01 or P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Applying aerocyst-urethral catheter in critical ill patients with fecal incontinence is a new and better nursing method, which can effectively prevent eczema and bedsore happening and be worth clinical spread application.