摘要
配电网面临着日益激烈的竞争环境，私有化及市场经济是发展的趋势，并使电网市场发生着深刻的变化，目前电力市场面临着两大挑战：（１）提高服务水平，增加客户满意度；（２）电力产品和商务更富有竞争力。满足上述两种要求的途径是采用中压配电自动化技术（ＤＡＳ）。在英国，配电网私有化已有一段时间，摆脱了政府行为，由市场直接调控。本文重点介绍英国东方电力公司（Ｅａｓｔｅｒｎ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｉｔｙ）的一个配电网自动化方案的实施例子。文章讨论了由于私有化和市场经济而产生的一些特殊问题。一个自动化方案解决这些问题的策略是进行广泛调研，在此基础上对系统的组成和结构作进一步的考虑。文章叙述了东方电力公司一个具体方案的规模和设计，方案实施过程，讨论了工程项目按时间表的实施方法。最后，介绍了项目取得的实际经验，评价了自动化电网方案对东方电网运行性能的影响，并说明新的配电自动化系统必须向客户提供的技术服务，及总的运行费用。
Electricity distribution companies are facing an increasingly competitive environment. Privatisation and deregulation, world-wide market trends, are driving change in the utilities market place. There are two main challenges, which currently face utilities: The need to improve customer service and satisfaction. The need to make the business more competitive. One way to help meet these needs is to use medium voltage distribution automation (DAS). In the UK, electricity distribution companies have been privatised for some time and the market is now moving rapidly towards deregulation. This paper therefore focuses on an example of a distribution automation scheme implemented for one of the UK's distribution companies, Eastern Electricity. The paper discusses the particular issues raised by privatisation and deregulation and looks at the impact on electricity distribution business. The way in which a distribution automation scheme can help to address these issues is broadly outlined before going on to briefly consider the components of such a system. The paper then outlines the scope and design of the specific solution implemented for Eastern Electricity. The actual implementation of the scheme is considered and how the project was approached is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the short implementation period imposed by the timetable for deregulation and how this is was affected by the characteristics of the chosen solution. Finally the paper looks at the practical experience gained and evaluates the effect that the distribution automation scheme has had on the performance of Eastern Electricity. This is in terms of both the customer service level now provided and the operational costs incurred when using the new distribution automation system.
