再论中英两国的人治与法治传统──以权利保障方式的不同为分析视角

The Comparison of Tradition between the Chinese Rule of Man and the British Rule of Law:in Perspective of Ways of the Right Protection

以权利保障方式不同为比较视角,可以明显发现中英两国传统社会在治理形态上的差异:自中世纪以来英国人保障权利的方式主要依赖于独立于国王之外的宪政法律制度,国王只是宪政法律制度的守护者、执行者;而在传统中国,权利的保障并不依赖独立于皇帝之外的宪政法律制度而是依赖于好皇帝。将中英两国人治传统与法治传统的差异由历史事实上升到历史认识有利于深层次、整体性地理解中英两国一些制度性安排的不同及其背后理念差异。

We can clearly find the differences between Chinese and British governance patterns in comparative perspective of right protection. Right protection in Britain mainly depends on the constitutional legal systems which are independent from the king since the medieval time. However, in China, right protection is dependent on the emperor. These will contribute to a deep, overall understanding of the difference between Chinese and British about some institutional arrangements and the philosophy behind the ways of the right protection.