视网膜母细胞瘤中NY-ESO-1、NY-SAR-35基因的表达及其临床意义

Expression of NY-ESO-1 ,NY-SAR-35 in retinoblastoma and its clinical significance

背景视网膜母细胞瘤（RB）的免疫治疗因创伤小、针对性强而受到广泛关注，寻求相关免疫原性较强的肿瘤抗原是免疫治疗的基础。NY-ESO-1和 NY-SAR-35是癌一睾丸抗原（CTA）中的两种基因，检测其在RB组织中的表达可为RB的免疫治疗研究提供依据。目的研究RB中NY—ESO-1mRNA、NY-SAR-35mRNA的表达情况，探讨将其用于RB特异性免疫治疗靶抗原的可能性。方法收集15例RB患儿组织为RB组、12例非肿瘤病变部位视网膜组织为非肿瘤病变组，及22例眼部因其他眼部病变进行手术治疗获取的正常相关眼组织标本为正常组。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测待测组织标本中NY-ESO-1mRNA、NY-SAR-35mRNA的表达；并按随机数字表法抽取RT—PCR检测的阳性产物直接进行DNA测序，对检测结果与肿瘤病理分级、肿瘤大小、临床分期等临床指标进行分析。结果15例RB组织中有6例标本表达NY-ESO—J基因，9例标本表达NY-SAR-35基因；在12例非肿瘤病变视网膜组织及22例眼部正常组织中均未见到NY-ESO—J基因和NY-SAR-35基因的表达。NY-ESO—J基因和NY-SAR-35基因的表达均与患者的性别（P=0．426、0．822）、年龄（P=0．180、0．464）、病理分型（P=0．744、0．582）、肿瘤大小（P=0．760、0．790）、临床分期（P=0．868、0．707）等临床相关指标无明显关联。结论NY-ESO—J基因及NY-SAR-35基因均可特异性地高表达于RB组织中，其表达率明显高于其他全身肿瘤，有可能成为RB特异性免疫治疗的靶抗原。

Background The immunotherapy for retinoblastoma（RB） is gradually concerned recent year. To seek relative immune-associated antigen is a basis of immunotherapy. NY-ESO-1 and NY-SAR-35 are two kinds of genes of cancer testis antigen（ CTA）. To understand their expressions in RB tissue can offer index for relative study. Objective This study was to investigate the expressions of two CTA NY-ESO-1 and NY-SAR-35 in RB and explore the possibility of them as potentially promising targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy of RB. Methods The samples were obtained from 15 RB eyes, 12 non-tumor retinopathy eyes and 22 normal eyes with other benign eye diseases. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） was used to detect the expressions of NY-ESO-1 mRNA and NY-SAR-35 mRNA in the samples. Genes of positive PCR results were sequenced randomly. The relevance of the expression of the two cancer-testis antigen genes with the clinical characteristics such as tumor stage ,tumor size and clinical stage were analyzed. This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Guangxi Medical University. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before operation. Results NY-ESO-1 mRNA was positively expressed in 6 RB samples and NY-SAR-35 mRNA was expressed in 9 RB samples. In the non-tumor retinopathy samples and normal eye tissues, NY-ESO-1 mRNA and NY-SAR-35 mRNA were absent. No significant relevances were found between the expressions of the NY-ESO-1 mRNA and NY-SAR-35 mRNA with clinical characteristics such as age （ P = 0. 426,0. 822 ）, gender （ P = 0. 180,0. 464 ）, pathological classification （ P = 0. 744,0. 582 ）, tumor size （ P =0.760,0.790）,and clinical stage（P=0.868,0.707）. Conclusions NY-ESO-1 and NY-SAR-35 have high expressing frequencies in RB tissue and their expressions in RB have specificity. These results offer a clue for the identification of targets antigen of RB.