大豆航天搭载与^(60)Co-γ辐射复合诱变效果分析

Effect Analysis on Composite Mutation with Space Launch and ^(60)Co-γ Ray on Soybean

为了探索大豆人工诱变育种新途径,提高大豆诱变育种效果,以大豆合丰50为试验材料,利用航天搭载与60Co-γ辐射的复合诱变处理,对M22个株系主要农艺性状进行分析。结果表明:群体株高分别为(90.47±6.56)cm和(95.26±6.13)cm、主茎节数分别为(18.2±1.34)个和(16.77±1.38)个与对照差异达到极显著水平,底荚高、单株荚数和单株粒数与对照有差异,但没有达到显著水平;M22个株系株高、主茎节数、底荚高、单株荚数和单株粒数的变异率分别为:9.3%、6.9%、2.3%、4.6%、9.3%和9.4%、7.5%、3.8%、5.6%、3.8%,其中正向变异占总变异的比例分别为:49.4%、33.1%、12.5%、51.1%、49.6%和19.8%、24.8%、50.0%、32.2%、47.6%,通过群体变异和后代变异率以及正向变异所占的比例可以看出,航天搭载与60 Co-γ辐射的复合处理可以为大豆新品种选育所利用。

In order to explore new approaches of artificial mutation breeding of soybean, improve mutation breeding effect, taking Hefeng 50 as material, setting composite mutation treatments by space launch and ^60 Co-γ radiation, the main agronomic characters of two main strains of M2 were analyzed. The results showed that： the plant height was （90.47±6.56）cm and （95.26±6.13）cm,respectively,number of node was significantly different from the control and respectively 18.2±1.34 and 16.77±1.38. The height of first pod, pod number per plant and seed number per plant were different from the control, but no significant. The mutation rate of the two strains of M2 ＇s plant height, number of node, height of first pod, pod number per plant, seed number per plant was 9.3%,6.9% ,2.3% ,4.6%,9.3% and 9.4%,7.5% ,3.8% ,5.60/00,3.8% ,respectively,the positive variation percent account for the total proportion was 49.4%,33. 1%, 12.5%,51. 1%,49.6% and 19.8%, 24.8 %, 50.0 %, 32.2 %, 47.6 %, respectively. From the total variation, the posterity variation and the positive variation percent,it can be seen that composite mutation by space launch and ^60Co-γ radiation can be used for soybean breeding.