寒地水稻产量构成分析

Analysis on Seed Yield Components of Rice in Cold Area

为了明确寒地水稻品种特性,采用随机区组设计方法,对黑龙江省2010年主栽的32个水稻新品种产量进行统计分析。结果表明:穗粒数与结实率呈显著负相关,与产量呈极显著正相关。每穴穗数(分蘖力)多的品种穗粒数少,产量增加;植株高的品种每穗粒数多;穗粒数多结实率下降,产量增加。应适当减少穴穗数(分蘖数),增加穗粒数,即分蘖力中等,偏大穗的品种有利于产量提高。对产量贡献率从大到小顺序为叶宽、剑叶长、千粒重、穴穗数、株高、结实率。

For the purpose of making clear the characteristics of rice varieties in cold region, randomized to design method was used to statistics analyze yields of main 32 new rice varieties of Heilongjiang province in 2010. The results showed that grain number per spike and seed setting rate had significant negative correlation,and significantly correlation with the yieId. The varieties with more panicles per hole but less grain number per panicle, the yield was increasing; The varieties with tall plant height were with more grains per panicle;More grains per panicle but lower seed setting percentage, but the yield was increasing; So it should reduce panicles per hole（tillering number）,increase the grains per panicle,that was middle titlering ability and partial large panicle variety was advantageous to increase yield. The order of contribution ratio to yield increasing from big to small was leaf width, flag leaf length, 1 000-grain weight,panicles per hole, plant height and seed setting percentage.