阿特巴赫发展中国家高水平大学建设思想及其中国意义

Philip G.Altbach's High-Level University Construction Ideology in the Developing Countries

如何建成高水平大学并与世界学术系统对接,是发展中国家高等教育发展和促进综合国力提升的关键问题。美国学者、国际知名的比较高等教育学家菲利普.G.阿特巴赫有关发展中国家高水平大学建设的思想主要包括:基于多样化院校系统的创建来重点选择和发展高水平大学是全球化背景下发展中国家亟需解决的高等教育问题;正视历史与尊重本国现实和教育发展规律,在借鉴发达国家先进经验的同时致力于本土化创新与改造是发展中国家高水平大学建设的基本途径;研究经费不足、市场商业主义影响、学术自由受限以及学术腐败蔓延是当前阻碍发展中国家建设高水平大学的不利因素;通过提供稳定的政策支持、持续的财政保障,并在构建全职教师群体、保障其学术自由、确保其学术职业发展的前景和稳定性、消除学术腐败以及培育以竞争和科研生产率为特征的学术文化等方面做系统的筹划和安排是发展中国家高水平大学建设的基本策略。

How to construct the highlevel universities and integrate them into the global academic system is a critical action to develop higher education and promote the comprehensive national strength for the developing countries. Philip G. Altbach, a wellknown American scholar, put forward some ideas on constructing the high-level university in the developing countries, which include： selectively constructing highlevel universities based on the diversity of a academy system under the background of globalization; Facing up to history and respecting for reality and education development law, using developed countries advanced experience for reference and avoiding their negative lessons; Providing a stable policy support and continuous financial security, constructing the full-time teachers group, safeguard the academic freedom, eliminating academic corruption, fostering emulative and efficient academic culture.