中国粮食供给状况变迁及其影响因素分析

The Analysis of Food Supply Situation and Its Influencing Factors in China

文章分析了中国粮食供给变迁及其影响因素,认为粮食生产是中国粮食供给最主要的来源,粮食储备是粮食供给的重要补充,谷物净进口占中国谷物的供给比重很小,但中国大豆的进口依存度却远远超过粮食安全要求的水平;影响中国粮食生产的主要因素是土地和灌溉用水等资源性投入以及肥料等现代生产要素;机械总动力对粮食生产的作用并不明显;自然灾害对中国粮食生产的不利影响较为明显。

This paper analyzes the food supply situation and its influencing factors in China. Food production is the most important source of food supply in China; food reserve is an important complement to the food supply; cereal net import accounts for a small proportion of China's cereal supply, but China’s dependence on soybean import has far exceeded the required level of food security. The main factors that affect China's grain production are arable land, irrigation water and other modern production factors such as fertilizer; the affect of machine is not obvious; the adverse effect of natural disasters on food production in China is obvious.