稻草秸秆压缩研究及制粒机械设计

The Granulation Technology of Rice Straw and Its Mechanical Design

稻草秸秆是一种丰富的再生资源,但稻草秸秆属于粘弹性生物物料,自身密度小,不利于运输和储存,影响其深加工或二次开发利用.而秸秆压缩燃料由于具有很高的压缩比,方便运输和储存,同时改善了生物质燃料的燃烧性能,提高了生物质资源的利用效率.文章研究了稻草秸秆纤维物料的压缩特性、生物质成型机理及影响成型因素,总结出了一种较好的稻草秸秆压缩成型的工艺条件及工艺流程.基于生物质压缩成型技术,设计了一种平模压缩制粒机械,并对不同粒度、不同压力条件下的秸秆进行了压缩制粒成型试验.实验结果表明该制粒机械,能降低能耗、减少磨损,有着较高的生产率.

Rice straw is a kind of inexhaustible and renewable resources in China. Since the rice straw is viscoelastic biological material with low density, it is not conducive to the transportation and storage, and it affects the deep processing or secondary development and utilization. Due to the high compression ratio, on the other hand, straw densification briquetting fuel （SDBF） is of great convenience to transportation and storage. Simultaneously, it improves the combustion properties of biomass fuels, and increases the ef- ficiency in the use of biomass resources. It has an expansively developing prospect. Accordingly, how to effectively convert the loose rice straw into SDBF is gaining more and more attentions now. In this article, by researching the characteristics of the compressed rice straw fiber, biomass formation mechanism and its influence on shaping factors, the better conditions in processing of rice straw compression molding are con- cluded. Based on biomass compression molding technology, a kind of flat compression granulating machine is subsequently designed. And then compressed granulation molding trials on straw with different particle size and different pressures are designed. Experimental results show that the granulation machine can ef- fectively reduce energy consumption and abrasion of equipment, and raise the productivity.