秋石方的早期记载新考

Evidential Research on the First Formulas for Preparing Qiushi(Autumn Mineral)

通过文献考证和解读,重新考证了早期记载秋石方的书籍和时间,发现:现存有据可考的最早记载秋石方的书籍是《良方》和《证类本草》,而不是《经验方;》沈括是秋石阴阳二炼法的最早记录者,但未被后世医家所重视;《本草纲目》中的阳炼法并非直接源于《良方》或《苏沈良方;》《证类本草》中的炼人中白方就是秋石方,而不是其他方子,该方不直接以炼秋石方为名的原因与秋石作为一种药物独立列于本草书籍的历程有关。

Qiushi is a kind of elixir or medicine. This article examines the books which recorded the formulas for preparing Qi- ushi. It is found that Liang Fang （Valuable Prescriptions） written by Shen Kuo and Zheng Lei Ben Cao （recognized pharmacopoeia） written by Tang Shengwei recorded the first three formulas. Shen kuo, who recorded two kinds of methods to prepare Qiushi, was neg- lected by other medical books. The aim of the method to prepare Renzhongbai（ natural sediment of urine） was actually to prepare Qi- ushi.