新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症的筛查与分析

Neonatal screening and clinical analysis Of G-6-PD deficiency in 3402 cases

目的通过对新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,G-6-PD)缺乏症的筛查及临床分析,了解桂平市新生儿G-6-PD缺乏情况及G-6-PD缺乏幼儿与高胆红素血症的相关性。方法对2010年7月至2011年7月在该院出生的3 402例新生儿进行G-6-PD测定,统计分析G-6-PD缺乏情况,并跟踪回访新生儿至出生后第10天,如果出现黄疸应立即采血测定胆红素,对新生儿高胆红素血症的发生率进行比较分析。结果新生儿G-6-PD缺乏症发病率为10.35%(352/3 402),男婴G-6-PD缺乏率为14.28%(264/1 849);女婴G-6-PD缺乏率为5.66%(88/1 553)。G-6-PD缺乏幼儿高胆红素血症的发生率为25.3%,明显高于G-6-PD正常新生儿的2.6%(P<0.01)。结论广西桂平市是G-6-PD缺乏症的高发区,对G-6-PD缺乏症的筛查非常有意义,能有效提示医生谨慎用药和指导患儿避免接触诱因,预防溶血的发生,提高该地区人群的健康素质。

Objective To understand situation of neonatal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase（G-6-PD） deficiency and relationship of neonatal G-6-PD deficiency with hyperbilirubinemia by screening and clinical analysis.Methods From July 2010 to July 2011,3 402 neonates born in this hospital were detected for G-6-PD,and also situation of G-6-PD deficiency was statistically analyzed.Then they were observed about jaundice for 10 days following up after birth,if it happened,the blood samples of jaundice neonates were collected for bilirubin level testing.Meanwhile,the incidence rate of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was compared.Results Total incidence rate of newborn G-6-PD deficiency was 10.35%（352/3 402）,incidence rate of male infants was 14.28%（264/1 849）,and incidence rate of female infants was 5.66%（88/1 553）,incidence rate of hyperbilirubinemia in G-6-PD deficiency neonates was 25.3%,that was significantly higher than normal infants with 2.6%（P0.01）.Conclusion There is high incidence rate of G-6-PD deficiency in Guiping city in Guangxi province.G-6-PD deficiency screening is very meaningful,effective for reasonable clinical and medication and preventing the occurrence of hemolysis,which can improve physical quality of residents in this region.