论民国乡农学校的运行机制——以山东滕县羊庄区乡农学校为个案

the Discourse for the Operating Mechanism of Farmers' School in the Republic of China ——the Case of Farmers' School in YangZhuang Township Teng Country

作为二十世纪三十年代的一种重要乡村教育组织,乡农学校在人事设置、学员招收、日常管理、课程教授等各方面均形成了一套行之有效的运行机制。人事设置方面重视对农村士绅阶层的吸收;学员招收方面以地亩做为分配名额的主要依据;日常管理方面实行严格的军事化管理模式;课程教授方面注重文化课程与军事训练的并重。这一机制基本上适应了乡村客观情况的同时,也因其自身的时代局限性而暴露出明显的弊端。

As an important rural education organization in 1930s, farmers＇ school formed an effective operation mechanism about personnel, recruitment, management, curriculum and other aspects. Emphasis on the absorption of the rural gentry in personnel; land acres as the main basis on the allocation of places in recruitment; strict daily management of the militarization in management; focusing on cultural and military training courses both in curriculum. This mechanism is basically adapted to the objective reality of the country, but also exposed the obvious disadvantages for the age limitations.