露天煤矿声环境影响后评估——以胜利一号露天矿为例

Post project assessment of noise environment impact of the open-pit coal mine——taking Shengli No1 open-pit coal mine for example

本文以胜利一号露天矿为例,在主要噪声源强以及厂界和周边敏感目标的噪声级现状监测的基础上,对煤矿开发后声环境影响进行回顾性分析和验证性评价,结果表明:(1)煤矿四厂界环境噪声昼间和夜间均达到了《工业企业厂界环境噪声排放标准》(GB12348-2008)2类标准限值要求。噪声源中采掘场噪声较大,铁路装车站、铁路专用线以及破碎车间、机修车间、变电所、排水泵站、锅炉房等机修设备噪声源产生的噪声值相对较小。(2)随着煤矿开采量和开采面积的增加,露天煤矿采掘场噪声污染、厂界噪声和周边敏感点噪声会不断加大。而且,采掘场最大噪声级出现的方向也会随着开采方向的推进而变化。(3)验证性分析结果表明,胜利一号露天矿原环评结论较可靠,但预测结果相对偏低,偏低幅度昼间在5.2%-10.7%,夜间在2.4%-13.1%。(4)现状监测和回顾性分析表明,胜利一号露天矿噪声污染不太明显,目前采取的噪声防治措施起到了较好的防治效果。

Taking Shengli No1 open-pit coal mine for example,through monitoring the present major noise source intensity,noise level at the boundary and around sensitive object,noise impact of coal mine on environment was looked back,protection measures on noise pollution were also validated,and the results showed that：（1） Noise level at four boundary no matter day or night meet the second class limit of Standard for environment noise at boundary of industrial enterprises.Noise level at mining site was highest among noise source,and noise level was lower from other noise source such as railway loading station,railroad private line,crushing room,machine repair room,power substation,drainage pump station,boiler room.（2） With the increase of coal mining quantity and mining area,noise pollution became more seriously at the mining site,on the boundary of the industrial enterprises and around the sensitive objects.Moreover,appearing direction of the highest noise level at the mining site would change with mining direction.（3） Verifying analysis proved the conclusion in primary environment impact assessment was credible,while forecast result was lower than actual impact,and the relative error was from 5.2% to 10.7% in the day and from 2.4% to 13.1% at night.（4） Survey and retrospect indicated present noise pollution was not serious for Shengli No1 open-pit coal mine,and noise protection measures made good effect.