纵向岭谷区地表大气水汽含量的气候学计算

Climatological Calculation of Land Surface Atmospheric Water Vapor Content in Longitudinal Range-gorge Region

基于1976-2005年30年的高空气象逐月资料,分析了地表大气水汽含量与实际水汽压之间的统计关系,构建出基于地表水汽压的大气水汽含量气候学计算模型;结合地面气象资料,计算得到纵向岭谷区各站点的地表实际水汽压;采用ANUSPLIN气象要素插值模型,对站点地表水汽压进行空间化处理,实现地表水汽压的栅格化;最后,将地表水汽压格网数据输入构建的气候学模型,基于GIS地理空间分析平台,得到纵向岭谷区地表大气水汽含量的空间格局,实现大气水汽含量的空间化模拟。讨论纵向岭谷区地表水汽压与大气水汽含量的空间分布特征及其主要成因,认为纵向山系对水汽输送的东西向阻隔作用导致了地表水汽压与大气水汽含量的东西差异,南北走向深切河谷是季风水汽输送的重要通道;地形的"通道-阻隔"作用形成了大气水汽含量的特殊空间分布格局。

Based on the monthly meteorological data of the upper air from 1976 to 2005, we analyzed the statis- tical relationship between land surface vapor pressure and atmospheric water vapor content and built a ground-based atmospheric water vapor content climatology model. Combined with ground meteorological data, actual surface vapor pressure of different stations was calculated in Longitudinal Range-gorge Region. Then, an ANUSPLIN climate interpolation model was used for the spatial interpolation of surface water vapor pressure, to make a grid of land surface vapor pressure. At last, the gridded land surface vapor pressure data was inputted into the climatology model to simulate the spatial pattern of land surface atmospheric water vapor content and realize the spatial simulation of the atmospheric water vapor content. The spatial distribution and its main causes of land surface water vapor pressure and atmospheric water vapor content were discussed. The results showed that longitudinal mountains have a significant barrier function to the vertical transport of water vapor, which leads to the horizontal differences of the surface water vapor pressure and atmospheric water vapor con- tent. Deep north-south valley is an important corridor for the transportation of water vapor transmission. The ＂corridor-barrier＂ function of this region forms the special spatial pattern of the atmospheric water vapor content.