地质条件对定向钻穿越的影响与应对措施

The terrain and geological condition to horizontal directional drilling and its countermeasures

在长输油气管道工程设计中经常遇到黄土塬、游荡性大型河流、山体等不同地形地貌,如砾砂、卵石层、溶蚀性地层等多种地层条件及其组合。针对不同地形、地貌条件,对穿越曲线设计和泥浆工艺设计进行分析,结果表明:穿越曲线设计是定向钻穿越成功的基础;结合地形、地貌,设计具有针对性的穿越曲线是实现穿越工艺方案的关键;根据定向钻穿越地层的不同地层结构岩性,设计具有针对性的泥浆配比工艺参数,可以有效降低卡钻、抱钻及回拖阻力过大等风险;定向钻穿越时,灵活应用定向钻的单边钻、对向钻、水平钻穿越组合技术手段可解决传统技术手段难以解决的问题。

In the design of long-distance oil and gas pipelines project,loess tableland,wandering large rivers,mountain and other different topographies such as sand,gravel layer of rock strata,pebbles and many kinds of formation conditions and their combination are frequently encountered.According to different terrains and geomorphic conditions,the design in crossing curve and mud process is analyzed.The results show that the crossing curve design is the foundation of directional drilling technique.It is considered that one-fit-all crossing curve is the key to realize the crossing technique program,combined with topography and landforms.According to the different structure lithology of strata,available mud ratio can effectively reduce the risks in sticking of tool,seizeing of tool and backtow drag.In directional drilling,the combination of one-pass drilling,opposite-pass and directional drilling should be adopted so as to make up the traditional technology.