中美油气管道从业人员资格认证标准差异分析

Differences in personnel qualification standards for oil and gas pipeline in China and USA

管道从业人员资格认证措施是减少人为失误造成事故的重要方法之一,相关标准是管道运营的基本依据。梳理了现行中美两国长输管道从业人员资质认证标准,对比分析了二者的主要内容、适用范围、培训与评定程序、技能要求、培训要求、资格评定等方面的差异,结果表明:美国相关标准在培训与评定程序等方面更加科学先进,可操作性强,培训内容和周期要求明确,有利于从业人员不断提高技术水平,保障管道安全运行。建议我国管道企业参考国外标准制定类似标准,以弥补管道从业人员资格认证工作的不足。

Personnel qualification system for oil/gas pipeline is an important guarantee in reducing accident ratio of human,and the qualification certif ication and training standard for pipeline staffs can improve the management level largely.The authors overview the current standards in qualification certification for pipeline staffs in China and America and analytically compare the differences in the primary constitution,scope of application,training and assessment procedure,work skills requirements and qualification.Results show that relative standards in America in training and qualification are more available in training contents and period with more operability,which,for staffs,is in favour of raising work skills and ensuring safe operation of pipeline.It is suggested that our pipeline enterprises should establish up a set of qualification certification practice or standards to make up the shortages in qualifications of work staffs in pipeline.