触点材料直流电弧静态伏安特性试验研究

Experimental Research on the Voltage-current Characteristics of the Stationary DC Arc

直流电弧静态伏安特性是电器电弧理论的基础,是理解电弧发生、发展至熄灭的重要手段。本文借助电弧发生装置绘制出不同触点材料(W、Cu、AgNi合金)的直流电弧静态伏安特性曲线,确定触点材料的最小燃弧电压值和最小燃弧电流值,进而建立了等效电弧模型,并确定了其应用范围。所得结论对于电弧特性的研究具有积极意义,同时对于电器熄弧过程的电路分析具有一定参考价值。

The stationary volt-ampere characteristics of DC arc are the fundamental of the theory of electric arc, and also the instrument to understand the burning process of the arc. The volt-ampere characteristics curves of different contact materials （tungsten, copper, the alloy of silver and nickel） were drawn by arc generator, according to which the minimum arc voltage and current value of the materials were determined, and ultimately the equivalent electric arc models were built. The results play a positive role in the experimental research and simulation analysis upon the features of the arc, and also in the circuit analysis of the extinguishing process of arc.