应急条件下接种甲、乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果分析

Immunization effect analysis of hepatitis A and B vaccine under emergency condition

目的通过在较短时间内接种甲、乙型肝炎(甲、乙肝)疫苗,提高部队官兵应急条件下机体免疫水平,预防疾病的发生。方法Ⅰ组先接种甲肝疫苗,33 d后接种乙肝疫苗第一针;Ⅱ组先接种乙肝疫苗第一针,45 d后,接种甲肝疫苗。收集血清,用酶联免疫方法检测疫苗接种前、后不同时期血清IgG抗体水平的变化。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ组官兵疫苗接种前甲肝抗体阳性率分别为81.19%、81.25%,接种疫苗后4个月,抗体阳性率Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别为99.01%、98.75%,18个月后仍保持高的抗体水平。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组维和官兵在接种乙肝疫苗前抗体阳性率为60.40%,56.25%,接种疫苗后4个月后,血清抗体阳性率分别为91.09%、93.75%,比接种疫苗前血清抗体水平有显著提高(P<0.01)。第三次血清抗体阳性率Ⅰ组阳性率89.11%,Ⅱ组阳性率为87.50%。结论间隔适合的时间,接种甲肝、乙肝疫苗,疫苗的预防效果没有影响。

Objective To improve the immunization level,hepatitis A and B vaccine was immuned in a shorter intervals.Methods In group Ⅰ hepatitis A vaccine was rejected.Then hepatitis B vaccine was injected 33 days later.In group Ⅱ Hepatitis B was rejected.Then hepatitis A was injected 45 days later.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect serum IgG antibodies.Results Before rejecting the hepatitis A antibody positive rate in Ⅰ and Ⅱ group was 81.19% and 81.25% respectively.After rejecting antibody positive rate was 99.01% 98.75% in the four months,18 months later the antibody levels remained high.Before rejecting,the hepatitis B antibody positive rate in Ⅰ and Ⅱ group was 60.40% 56.25%.After vaccine four the months,antibody positive rate was 91.09%and 93.75% which was significantly difference than before vaccination（P0.01）.Conclusion Vaccination of hepatitis A then B via the proper intervals,the preventive effect is not influenced.