生长素的运输及其在信号转导及植物发育中的作用

Auxin Transport and Its Roles in Signal Transduction and Plant Development

生长素作为一种重要的植物激素,参与调节植物生长发育的诸多过程,如器官发生、形态建成、向性反应、顶端优势及组织分化等,其作用机理长期以来备受人们关注。生长素的极性运输能使生长素积累在植物体某些特定部位,从而形成生长素浓度梯度,生长素对植物生长发育的调节主要依赖于这一特性。系统阐述生长素的运输特点、运输机理和相关生长素极性运输载体的研究进展;并对生长素信号转导途径中的重要组分及其机理进行了总结;同时较系统地对生长素参与植物体各器官发育过程及调节情况进行综述。

Auxin,as a kind of important plant hormones,participates in a variety of physiological and development processes in plants,such as organogenesis,morphogenesis,tropism,apical dominance as well as differentiation.Auxin can be accumulated in certain tissues and cells by polar auxin transport,and the auxin gradients formed in this process.The regulation of plant growth and development by auxin depends on this feature.The characteristics of auxin transport,transport mechanisms and carriers including infIux and effIux ones,and the related components and effectors in the auxin signal transduction pathway were reviewed and summarized.The functions and regulation mechanisms of auxin in plant organs＇ growth and development processes were also revealed and discussed,respectively.