全球气候变化与农业有害生物控制科学问题刍议

A Brief Discussion on Basic Aspects of Agricultural Pest Control under Global Climate Change

全球气候变化对人类生产生活的影响日益显现,农业有害生物控制亦面临全球气候变化带来的挑战。本文概述了全球气候变暖的现状及其"日因说"、"自律说"、"碳因说"、"牛因说"等观点。同时讨论了气候变化对农业有害生物的趋利和不利影响,认为在全球气候变化背景下,从长时间尺度的战略角度,应重视探索有害生物的群落结构响应、适应机制、扩散机制、致灾预测等基础性科学课题,从短时间尺度上生产实际需要的角度,则应针对具体农业环境、作物对象、有害物种研究防控策略和技术,因时因势而进,因时因势而变。

The impacts of global climate change on the production activities of human being have been increasingly revealed, and bring new challenges in fighting against plant pest. The status of global warming is discussed and the hypothesises of carbon blamed theory, earth＇ s autonomisation theory, sun blamed theory, and cattle＇ s blamed theory are summarised in this paper. It is suggested that the mechanisms in response of community structures, adoption and dispersal, and methods of risk prediction are new topics and strategies for long temporal scales based on the discussion. Moreover, for short time scales, the tactics and techniques of pest control should updated by continuing studies with the changes in agroenvironment, crops and pests.