中介语偏误特点与学习词典理想作用机制探讨

Interlanguage errors in SLA and the ideal functional mechanism of learner's dictionaries

通过探讨一语习得与二语学习的差异以及二语学习者的中介语偏误特点,本文指出,二语学习缺少一语习得的自然机制和环境,学习词典正是弥补这种缺失的有效工具,因为它能构建习得语境,提供大量可理解语块输入。作者又从基于足够输入的词汇信息、基于国别特色的搭配和注释信息、基于构式的多维释义这三个方面,探讨词典对二语习得的作用机制,阐述具有中国国别特点的学习词典的释义方法,以解决高词汇量与低交际能力并存的矛盾。

Some research shows that a certain number of word families may cover more than 95% of the vocabulary of general texts.However,although the vocabulary of intermediate and advanced Chinese learners of English mostly exceeds that number,they still have difficulties in reading and communicating;and their interlanguage features are prominent.After exploring the differences between L1 acquisition and L2 learning as well as the error features in the interlanguage of Chinese learners of English,this paper argues that,since L2 learning is deficient in the mechanism and environment in which L1 acquisition is realized,the learner's dictionary is a very efficient means to make up for this deficiency,because it can create a linguistic environment for language acquisition and provide sufficient comprehensible input of constructions.Finally,the paper demonstrates the functional mechanism of a leaner's dictionary for second language acquisition and describes the China-specific lexical information in a learner's dictionary from three perspectives:a) sufficient input of defining information,b) country-specific collocation and annotation,c) construction-based multidimensional definition.It is hoped that this can help overcome the contradiction between a large vocabulary and low communication competence.