中国地方鸡种DNA分子水平遗传多样性的研究进展

Research Progress of the DNA Molecular Genetic Diversity of China Native Chicken Breeds

遗传多样性的研究主要包括形态学水平,染色体水平、蛋白质水平、DNA水平等。中国地方鸡种类繁多,研究地方鸡种的遗传多样性,不仅能加强生物多样性的保护,同时对起源、进化、分类鉴定及遗传育种等都有重要意义。20世纪80年代以来,分子生物学技术的快速发展为遗传多样性检测提供了更直接、更精确的方法,即直接通过分析DNA水平的序列变化检测动物遗传多样性。DNA分析方法成为目前最有效的遗传分析方法,避免了根据表型性推断基因型时可能产生的误差。作者对目前中国各种鸡群的遗传多样性在DNA水平的研究进行了综述,旨在发掘地方鸡种的优良基因,为地方鸡种的分子育种、改良提供参考。

The main gentic diversity have morphological level,chromosomal level,protein level and DNA levels,etc.The kinds of native chicken in china,study the genentic diversity not only can enhance biodiversity conservation,but the great significance in the origin,evolution,clasification,identification and genetic breeding.Since the 1980s,the rapid development of molecular biology techniques for the deterction genetic diversity provides a more direct and accurate method that directly analyzing DNA sequence changes in the level of detection of animal genetic diversity.DNA analysis method to be the most effective methods of genetic analysis,to avoid the inference based on genotype phenotype of error may arise.Research of the DNA molecular genetic diversity of china native chicken breeds in this paper,excavation the good genes for the native chicken breeds,and provied the reference for the native chicken breeds in molecular breeding and improving.