社会风险控制视域下的危险驾驶罪研究

From the Perspective of Social Risk Control to Study the Dangerous Driving Crime

为了实现对危险驾驶行为有可能导致的公共风险的控制,刑法修正案(八)增设了危险驾驶罪。尽管其罪名设置为危险驾驶罪,但实际上其行为模式只有两种:追逐竞驶和醉酒驾驶。从犯罪形态上讲,二者尽管都属于危险犯,但追逐竞驶型危险驾驶罪,需要行为达到情节恶劣的程度,故此属于具体危险犯;醉酒驾驶型危险驾驶罪,理论上是一旦实施醉酒驾驶犯罪即告既遂,故此属于抽象危险犯。基于风险控制的需要,我们可以将没有造成任何危害结果的危险驾驶行为定罪处罚,但基于人权保障的安全,我们也需要对这种危险犯的构成做出必要的限定,以防止刑罚权的肆意发动。

In order to control the risk made by the dangerous driving, the Eighth Amendment of the Criminal Law has add ed the dangerous driving crime. Although the charges set for dangerous driving offenses, but in fact its behavior patterns are only two： chasing the competition driving and drunk driving. Chasing the competition driving crime requires the behavior serious aftermath, so it can be named concrete dangerous crime. Theoretically, once the drunken driving behavior implements, the crime has been accomplished, so it belongs to the abstract perilous crime. Based on the notion of risk control, we can punish the behavior of drunk driving that do not make any harmful consequences, but based on the notion of guarantee of human rights, we should limit the special constitutive elements of crime and the scope of the dangerous driving crime.